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Mixture segregation by an inertial cavitation bubble.

R Grossier¹, O Louisnard, Y Vargas

¹Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés des Solides Divisés, UMR CNRS 2392, Ecole des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, Campus Jarlard, 81013 Albi Cedex 09, France.

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Summary

Cavitation bubbles create pressure gradients that segregate mixtures, driving denser components to high-pressure areas. This pressure diffusion effect is significant for larger molecules and nanoparticles, potentially influencing crystal nucleation.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Physical chemistry
Materials science

Background:

Pressure diffusion is a mass transfer process driven by pressure gradients.
It can segregate mixture components, concentrating denser species in high-pressure regions.
Significant pressure gradients are needed for noticeable segregation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the segregation of liquid mixtures induced by inertial cavitation bubbles.
To explore the theoretical basis for pressure diffusion around collapsing bubbles.
To propose implications for cavitation-enhanced crystal nucleation.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of pressure diffusion around inertial cavitation bubbles.
Recalling and applying established theoretical results from prior research.
Examining the segregation of molecules and nanoparticles.

Main Results:

Inertial cavitation bubbles generate substantial pressure gradients during collapse and rebound.
These gradients effectively segregate liquid mixtures, particularly for larger molecules or nanoparticles.
The theoretical framework confirms segregation occurs under these conditions.

Conclusions:

Pressure diffusion around inertial cavitation bubbles causes mixture segregation.
This phenomenon is pronounced for sufficiently large solutes.
The segregation may play a role in cavitation-enhanced crystal nucleation processes.