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The need for global environmental health policy
1School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA. Carpenter@uamail.albany.edu
Summary
Global economic growth is sustainable only if environmental capital is preserved. Unregulated trade threatens this balance, necessitating multilateral governance for sustainable development.
Area of Science:
- Environmental economics
- International trade policy
- Sustainable development
Background:
- Global economic growth averages 3.5% annually.
- Sustainable development hinges on maintaining or increasing manufactured, human, and environmental capital.
- Unregulated global trade poses a risk to environmental capital preservation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine environmental strains caused by current economic practices.
- To highlight the conflict between trade policies and environmental protection.
- To advocate for trade policies that encompass broader human welfare.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of economic growth trends.
- Review of international agreements and policies (Rio Declaration, UN Environmental Program, World Trade Organization).
- Assessment of environmental externalities in classical business models.
Main Results:
- Unregulated global trade can lead to significant long-term loss of environmental capital.
- A policy conflict exists between the precautionary principle (UNEP) and the scientific certainty requirement (WTO) for environmental protection.
- Lack of policy coordination among international institutions exacerbates environmental issues.
Conclusions:
- Economic development must prioritize environmental integrity.
- Multilateral governance is essential to mitigate trade-induced environmental damage.
- Trade policy must adopt a holistic view of human welfare, integrating environmental considerations beyond mere economic factors.
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