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Multivitamin-multimineral supplements: who uses them?
1Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, USA. clrock@ucsd.edu
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|January 9, 2007
Summary
Multivitamin-multimineral (MVMM) supplements are widely used in the US, contributing significantly to nutrient intake. However, their extensive use may also increase the risk of excessive nutrient consumption.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Dietary supplement use, particularly multivitamin-multimineral (MVMM) products, is prevalent in the United States.
- Prevalence rates have shown an increasing trend across NHANES survey periods.
- MVMMs are the most commonly reported dietary supplements in population surveys.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement use, focusing on MVMMs, in the US adult population.
- To identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with MVMM usage.
- To understand the contribution of MVMMs to nutrient intake and potential risks.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000 and previous NHANES cycles.
- Examination of demographic variables (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education) and lifestyle factors (physical activity, BMI, wine consumption).
- Assessment of dietary nutrient intakes and health status in relation to supplement use.
Main Results:
- In NHANES 1999-2000, 52% of adults used dietary supplements, with 35% regularly using MVMMs.
- Factors associated with higher MVMM use include being female, older, non-Hispanic white, more educated, physically active, and lower BMI.
- Individuals using MVMMs generally have higher nutrient intakes and healthier diets, but excessive intake is a potential risk, especially in cancer survivors.
Conclusions:
- MVMM supplements play a substantial role in the nutrient intake of the US population.
- Specific demographic and lifestyle factors are linked to higher MVMM consumption.
- While contributing to nutrient intake, MVMM use necessitates consideration of potential excessive intake risks.
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