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Sexual violence in Lesotho.

Lisanne Brown¹, Tonya Thurman, Jeanette Bloem

¹Tulane University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Department of International Health and Development, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2200, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. lisanne.brown@tulane.edu

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|January 11, 2007

Summary

Sexual violence is prevalent in Lesotho, with 25% of women reporting forced sex. Awareness programs increase reporting, highlighting the need to address women

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Sociology
Gender Studies

Background:

Sexual violence is a significant public health issue globally.
Lesotho faces a high prevalence of HIV, underscoring the importance of sexual health and safety.
Understanding the dynamics of sexual violence is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence and characteristics of sexual violence among women in Lesotho.
To identify common perpetrators and contexts of sexual violence.
To explore factors associated with reporting sexual violence.

Main Methods:

A random household survey was conducted with 939 sexually active women aged 18-35 in two urban areas of Lesotho.
The survey defined sexual violence to include nonconsensual sex, threats, intimidation, unwanted touching, and forced sexual acts.
Data on perpetrator types, relationship to the victim, and demographic factors were collected.

Main Results:

Twenty-five percent of women reported ever being physically forced to have sex; 13% reported attempted forced sex.
Thirty-one percent reported unwanted touching, and 11% reported being forced to touch a man's genitals.
Boyfriends were the most common perpetrators of forced sex, while known community members were most common for unwanted touching. Higher education and marriage were associated with lower reporting of intimate partner sexual violence. Awareness programs increased reporting.

Conclusions:

Sexual violence is a widespread issue in urban Lesotho, with intimate partners being frequent perpetrators.
Women's education and marital status influence reporting, and awareness programs appear to enhance disclosure.
Interventions must empower women to control their sexuality, especially in the context of high HIV prevalence.