[Responses of Shenyang urban tree phrenology to climate warming]

By using statistic and linear regression methods, this paper studied the last 40 years responses of Shenyang urban tree phenology to climate warming. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the duration of tree dormancy and the mean air temperature in winter. Appropriate cold condition was beneficial to bud break, and a significant negative correlation was observed between the outset of sprouting and the mean air temperature in winter and early spring. Leaf expansion started 15 days after sprouting, which was mainly affected by the mean air temperature in spring but had no correlation with the temperature in winter. The air temperature within 20-80 days and especially 20-40 days before flowering had a significant effect on the outset of flowering, i. e. , an increasing temperature in spring could advance the outset of flowering. Both sprouting and leaf expansion were negatively correlated with cold index (CI) , but no significant correlation was observed between the outset of flowering and CI. An increase of mean annual air temperature by 1 degree C would advance the outset of sprouting by 9 days, leaf expansion by 10 days, and outset of flowering by 5 days.