Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Niobium Oxide Films Deposited by Reactive Sputtering: Effect of Oxygen Flow Rate
Published on: September 28, 2019
Stoichiometry and valence measurements of niobium oxides using electron energy-loss spectroscopy
M J Olszta1, J Wang, E C Dickey
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Dielectric Studies and The Materials Research Institute, 208 MRL Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
Abstract:
Qualitative and quantitative electron energy-loss spectroscopy analyses have been performed on niobium and stable niobium oxides (NbO, NbO(2) and Nb(2)O(5)). At integration windows (Delta) greater than 75 eV, k-factor analysis can be used to distinguish between the stoichiometry of the three oxides within 5.7% error. As seen in other metal oxides, with increasing oxidation state the metal ionization edges shift to higher energies relative to the O-K edge. Normalized M(2,3) white-line intensities show a strong correlation with 4d occupancy for each compound. The data are in correspondence with that observed in the literature for 4d transition metals using normalized L(2,3) white lines. Lastly, a distinctive energy-loss near-edge, structure of the O-K edge was observed for each oxide, which could be used as a fingerprint for analysis of unknowns.
More Related Videos
08:13Chemical Precipitation Method for the Synthesis of Nb2O5 Modified Bulk Nickel Catalysts with High Specific Surface Area
Published on: February 19, 2018
09:40Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
Published on: February 14, 2014
Related Concept Videos
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab
Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...