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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
08:53

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

Published on: February 17, 2011

Cancer risks among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.

E Levy-Lahad1, E Friedman

  • 1Institute of Medical Genetics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel. lahad@szmc.org.il

British Journal of Cancer
|January 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations significantly elevate breast and ovarian cancer risks, necessitating risk-reducing surgeries. Understanding genetic and non-genetic factors improves personalized risk prediction for these hereditary cancer syndromes.

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
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Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

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gDNA Enrichment by a Transposase-based Technology for NGS Analysis of the Whole Sequence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and 9 Genes Involved in DNA Damage Repair
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gDNA Enrichment by a Transposase-based Technology for NGS Analysis of the Whole Sequence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and 9 Genes Involved in DNA Damage Repair

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are strongly associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancers.
  • These elevated risks often warrant prophylactic surgical interventions for risk reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the variability in risk estimates associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
  • To explore the impact of methodological issues and complex genetic/nongenetic factors on risk prediction.
  • To assess the utility of known factors in individualizing cancer risk prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation risks.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to variability in risk estimates.
  • Evaluation of known genetic and non-genetic modifiers.

Main Results:

  • Risk estimates for BRCA1/BRCA2-associated cancers show significant variability.
  • Methodological limitations and complex interplay of genetic/nongenetic factors contribute to this variability.
  • Despite unidentified factors, known elements can enhance personalized risk prediction.

Conclusions:

  • BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers face substantially increased breast and ovarian cancer risks.
  • Variability in risk prediction is influenced by study methodologies and multifactorial influences.
  • Incorporating known risk factors allows for more individualized risk assessments and management strategies.