Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

Obesity

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Effect of high-dose atorvastatin on the cardiovascular risk associated with individual components of metabolic syndrome: a subanalysis of the Treating to New Targets (TNT) study.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2015

Same author

Increased variance in blood pressure distribution and changing hypertension prevalence in an urban Indian population.

Journal of human hypertension·2003

Same author

Prevention of and medical therapy for atrial arrhythmias in heart failure.

Heart failure reviews·2002

Same author

Pharmacotherapy in congestive heart failure: Do NSAIDs attenuate the therapeutic effect of ACE inhibitors in heart failure patients?

Congestive heart failure (Greenwich, Conn.)·2002

Same author

Coronary heart disease and risk factors in Asian Indians.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2002

Same author

Atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: pharmacologic options.

Congestive heart failure (Greenwich, Conn.)·2002

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

Management issues in the metabolic syndrome.

P C Deedwania¹, R Gupta

¹University of California San Francisco, Fresno, CA, USA.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

|January 12, 2007

Summary

Metabolic syndrome, prevalent in India, involves obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Management requires lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapy targeting individual risk factors, with newer drugs showing promise.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Endocrinology
Metabolic Disorders

Background:

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
Physical inactivity and poor diet are major risk factors, with central obesity being a key feature.
India has a high prevalence of type-2 diabetes, suggesting a large burden of metabolic syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the characteristics and therapeutic approaches for metabolic syndrome.
To highlight the role of pharmacotherapy when lifestyle modifications are insufficient.
To discuss emerging drug classes and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of epidemiological data and therapeutic strategies for metabolic syndrome.

More Related Videos

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

Discussion of pharmacological agents for obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension.

Exploration of novel drug classes and combination therapies.

Main Results:

Metabolic syndrome presents with elevated triglycerides, low HDL, high LDL, hypertension, and hyperglycemia.
Pharmacological treatments include anti-obesity agents (sibutramine, orlistat), statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid, ezetimibe, thiazolidinediones, and ACE inhibitors/ARBs.
Emerging therapies like PPAR agonists and cannabinoid receptor-1 antagonists show potential.

Conclusions:

Management of metabolic syndrome requires a multifactorial approach addressing individual risk factors.
Pharmacotherapy is crucial when lifestyle changes fail, with various drug classes available.
Novel drug developments and fixed-dose combination therapies may offer future treatment advancements.