Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Methods of Obtaining Topography

Methods of Obtaining Topography

Topography involves measuring and mapping land elevations, natural features, and artificial structures to create accurate representations of the terrain. Topographic surveying relies on traditional and modern methods, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Traditional Surveying Methods:Transit stadia surveys and plane table surveys were widely used traditional surveying methods. These techniques relied on instruments like theodolites and stadia rods for measuring distances and angles,...

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

$Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling$ 01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Influence of corneal endothelial cell density after penetrating keratoplasty on contact lens induced corneal swelling.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry·2026

Same author

Influence of inflammatory and metabolic factors on keratoconus risk: a causal inference analysis.

Eye (London, England)·2026

Same author

Primary Practice Patterns for the Initial Management of Open Angle Glaucoma.

Journal of glaucoma·2024

Same author

Contact Lens Safety for the Correction of Refractive Error in Healthy Eyes.

Eye & contact lens·2022

Same author

Intrapatient and Interpatient Contact Lens Disinfection in the Age of COVID-19.

Eye & contact lens·2022

Same author

CLEAR - Medical use of contact lenses.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Ocular surface influences on corneal topography.

Loretta Szczotka-Flynn¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. loretta.szczotka@uhhs.com

The Ocular Surface

|January 12, 2007

Summary

Corneal topography, a measure of eye shape, is affected by surgery, disease, and contact lenses. Subtle changes from external and systemic factors are now detectable, impacting clinical outcomes.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Optometry
Corneal Science

Background:

Corneal shape is crucial for vision.
Traditional methods struggled to detect subtle shape changes.
Computerized videokeratoscopy enables detailed topographic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review factors influencing corneal shape and topography.
To examine ocular surface, surgical, pathological, and pharmacological influences.
To highlight clinical consequences of altered corneal topography.

Main Methods:

Literature review of factors affecting corneal topography.
Analysis of computerized videokeratoscopy data.
Synthesis of information on clinical implications.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Main Results:

Corneal shape is influenced by pathology, surgery, and contact lenses.
Subtle topographic changes can arise from external and systemic factors.
Altered corneal topography has significant clinical consequences.

Conclusions:

Understanding diverse influences on corneal shape is vital.
Advanced imaging reveals subtle topographic alterations.
Clinical management must consider all factors affecting corneal topography.