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Iron acquisition in Vibrio cholerae.

Elizabeth E Wyckoff1, Alexandra R Mey, Shelley M Payne

  • 1Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ewyckoff@mail.utexas.edu

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Vibrio cholerae requires iron for survival and employs multiple transport systems to acquire it. These systems are regulated by Fur and RyhB, highlighting iron

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium causing cholera, has an essential requirement for iron.
  • Iron is crucial for V. cholerae's survival in both human hosts and diverse environmental settings.
  • The bacterium possesses multiple iron uptake mechanisms to meet its nutritional needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the various iron acquisition systems utilized by Vibrio cholerae.
  • To understand the regulatory mechanisms governing iron uptake and utilization.
  • To explore the significance of redundant iron transport systems for V. cholerae's growth and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of known iron transport systems: TonB-dependent heme transport, vibriobactin, Feo system (ferrous iron), and Fbp transporter (ferric iron).
  • Investigation of the Fur repressor's role in regulating iron acquisition genes and RyhB small RNA synthesis.
  • Examination of RyhB's regulatory impact on genes involved in metabolism, respiration, motility, and chemotaxis.

Main Results:

  • V. cholerae utilizes multiple high-affinity iron acquisition systems, including heme, siderophores, Feo, and Fbp.
  • The ferric uptake regulator (Fur) represses iron acquisition genes under iron-replete conditions.
  • Fur also controls the synthesis of RyhB, a regulatory RNA impacting metabolic and motility genes.

Conclusions:

  • The extensive iron acquisition machinery in V. cholerae underscores the element's critical importance.
  • Regulatory networks involving Fur and RyhB fine-tune iron homeostasis and cellular processes.
  • Redundancy in iron transport may enhance V. cholerae's adaptability and survival in various conditions.