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Hypertension in Oman: distribution and correlates
Asya A Al Riyami1, Mustafa M Afifi
1Department of Research and Studies, Ministry of Health, Oman.
The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association
|January 16, 2007
Summary
Hypertension is a significant public health issue in Oman, affecting 38.3% of the population. Key risk factors include older age, male gender, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- International studies indicate a rising prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors.
- The National Health Survey of 2000 aimed to assess hypertension distribution in Oman.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and correlates of hypertension (systolic or diastolic) in the Omani population.
- To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with hypertension.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional community-based survey was conducted.
- Face-to-face interviews collected demographic data, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and anthropometric measurements from 7011 Omani subjects.
- Response rates ranged from 83% to 91%.
Main Results:
- The crude prevalence of hypertension was 33.1%, with an age-adjusted prevalence of 38.3%.
- Factors associated with hypertension included older age (≥60 years), male gender, lower education, non-working status, hypercholesterolemia, marriage, obesity, smoking, abnormal waist-hip ratio, and impaired fasting glucose.
- Older adults (≥60) were 5.4 times more likely to be hypertensive. Obesity and impaired fasting glucose were significant risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension represents a major public health concern in Oman.
- Enhanced community and healthcare provider awareness is essential for managing hypertension.
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