A threshold-based fall-detection algorithm using a bi-axial gyroscope sensor

A threshold-based algorithm, to distinguish between Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and falls is described. A gyroscope based fall-detection sensor array is used. Using simulated-falls performed by young volunteers under supervised conditions onto crash mats and ADL performed by elderly subjects, the ability to discriminate between falls and ADL was achieved using a bi-axial gyroscope sensor mounted on the trunk, measuring pitch and roll angular velocities, and a threshold-based algorithm. Data analysis was performed using Matlab to determine the angular accelerations, angular velocities and changes in trunk angle recorded, during eight different fall and ADL types. Three thresholds were identified so that a fall could be distinguished from an ADL: if the resultant angular velocity is greater than 3.1 rads/s (Fall Threshold 1), the resultant angular acceleration is greater than 0.05 rads/s(2) (Fall Threshold 2), and the resultant change in trunk-angle is greater than 0.59 rad (Fall Threshold 3), a fall is detected. Results show that falls can be distinguished from ADL with 100% accuracy, for a total data set of 480 movements.