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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

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Experimental joint contracture correction with low torque--long duration repeated stretching.

M Usuba1, M Akai, Y Shirasaki

  • 1Course of Physical Therapy, Department of Health, Tsukuba University of Technology, 4-12-7 Kasuga, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305-0298, Japan. usuba@k.tsukuba-tech.ac.jp

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|January 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Low-torque, long-duration stretching effectively restores range of motion (ROM) and mechanical properties in contracted joints. This method proved superior to high-torque, short-duration stretching for joint recovery after immobilization.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Soft connective tissues require tension to maintain mechanical properties.
  • Immobilization leads to reduced tension, weakening tissues and causing joint contracture.
  • Restoring joint range of motion (ROM) and mechanical integrity is crucial after immobilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of low-torque, long-duration stretching in restoring ROM and mechanical properties of immobilized rat knees.
  • To compare different stretching protocols (torque and duration) for their effectiveness in joint recovery.

Main Methods:

  • 66 rat knees were immobilized for 40 days to induce joint contracture.
  • Following remobilization, knees were divided into four treatment groups with varying torque and duration parameters.
  • Control and natural recovery groups were included for comparison.
  • Measurements included phase lag, dynamic stiffness, deformation, and load to failure.

Main Results:

  • All stretching groups recovered phase lag to normal levels.
  • Dynamic stiffness increased across all treatment groups.
  • Significant improvements in deformation and load to failure were observed exclusively in the low-torque, long-duration stretching group.
  • Low-torque, long-duration stretching demonstrated superior restoration of ROM and mechanical properties compared to high-torque, short-duration stretching.

Conclusions:

  • Low-torque, long-duration stretching is a highly effective method for restoring joint range of motion and mechanical properties after immobilization.
  • This stretching protocol offers a more normalized recovery of joint function compared to other tested methods.
  • Findings support the use of prolonged, gentle stretching for managing joint contractures and improving tissue mechanics.