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Related Concept Videos

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure01:10

Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure

Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the patient.
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)01:23

Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)

Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...
Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound01:19

Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound

To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:

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Related Experiment Video

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Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
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Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

Postural differences in hemodynamics and diastolic function in healthy older men.

James C Baldi1, Sophie Lalande, Graeme Carrick-Ranson

  • 1Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. chris.baldi@nau.edu

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|January 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Healthy aging blunts the stroke volume increase when moving from upright to supine posture. Older men rely more on atrial contraction for filling, indicating age-related changes in cardiac function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Posture changes significantly impact stroke volume in young adults, mainly via end-diastolic volume.
  • Aging is linked to increased ventricular stiffness and impaired diastolic function, potentially affecting cardiovascular responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if healthy aging attenuates the stroke volume increase from upright to supine posture.
  • To determine if aging reduces the early mitral inflow response to postural changes.

Main Methods:

  • Pulsed Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were employed.
  • Stroke volume and left ventricular function were assessed in 10 young and 12 older healthy men.
  • Measurements were taken in both upright and supine positions.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac output was higher in the supine position for both groups.
  • Young men showed a significant stroke volume increase (upright to supine: 63.1 to 98.6 ml) with a heart rate decrease.
  • Older men exhibited a smaller stroke volume increment (63.9 to 82.0 ml) and less heart rate reduction, with increased reliance on atrial filling (peak late diastolic filling velocity A).

Conclusions:

  • Healthy aging attenuates the typical increase in early diastolic filling when transitioning from upright to supine posture.
  • Older men demonstrate a greater dependence on atrial contraction for augmenting end-diastolic and stroke volume.
  • This age-related shift may stem from increased left ventricular filling pressures and reduced compliance.