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Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
12:15

Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter

Published on: May 29, 2019

Modulation of oxidative DNA damage repair by the diet, inflammation and neoplastic transformation

B Tudek1, M Swoboda, P Kowalczyk

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. tudek@ibb.waw.pl

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology : an Official Journal of the Polish Physiological Society
|January 18, 2007
PubMed

Insights

DNA repair pathways are crucial for cellular processes and organism development, with their activity influenced by various factors. Cancer development can alter DNA repair enzyme activity, highlighting its role in pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oxidative DNA damage and repair are integral to cellular functions like replication, transcription, mutagenesis, and apoptosis.
  • DNA repair enzyme activity is influenced by gene polymorphism, expression levels, and post-translational modifications.
  • The base excision repair (BER) pathway removes oxidative DNA lesions and can be modulated by diet, inflammation, and neoplastic transformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of oxidative DNA damage and repair in cellular processes and pathogenesis, particularly cancer.
  • To explore the factors influencing DNA repair enzyme activity.
  • To examine the modulation of BER pathway enzymes in the context of lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cellular processes mediated by oxidative DNA damage and repair.
  • Assessment of factors affecting DNA repair enzyme activity, including gene polymorphism and expression.
  • Evaluation of Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway modulation in response to diet, inflammation, and neoplastic transformation.
  • Measurement of repair activity for specific lesions (e.g., 8-oxoG, epsilon A, epsilon C) in lung cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues.

Main Results:

  • Oxidative DNA damage and repair are implicated in organism development and pathogenesis, including cancer.
  • Factors such as gene polymorphism, mRNA/protein levels, and enzyme activation/inhibition affect DNA repair enzyme activity.
  • Diet and inflammation can modulate the BER pathway, influencing the removal of oxidative DNA lesions.
  • Carcinogenesis in human lung alters the repair activity of specific BER enzymes, with decreased activity for 8-oxoG and increased activity for epsilon A and epsilon C in tumors.

Conclusions:

  • Modulation of DNA repair enzyme activities represents a cellular response during differentiation and neoplastic transformation.
  • Understanding these modulations is critical for comprehending cancer development and potentially for therapeutic strategies.
  • The differential regulation of BER enzymes in lung cancer suggests a complex interplay between DNA repair and tumorigenesis.

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