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Three-dimensional direct-write lithography into photopolymer.

Amy C Sullivan1, Matthew W Grabowski, Robert R McLeod

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. amy.sullivan@colorado.edu

Applied Optics
|January 18, 2007
PubMed
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This study presents a flexible 3D direct-write lithography system for creating embedded optical structures in photopolymers. The novel method uses continuous-wave lasers to fabricate waveguides with controlled features, offering an accessible alternative to femtosecond laser writing.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optical Engineering
  • Nanofabrication

Background:

  • Direct-write lithography is crucial for fabricating micro/nano-scale optical components.
  • Existing methods like femtosecond laser writing in glass have limitations in media flexibility and cost.
  • Photopolymer materials offer versatile platforms for optical device fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel three-dimensional direct-write lithography system.
  • To enable the fabrication of localized index structures within diffusion-mediated photopolymers.
  • To showcase the system's advantages over existing lithography techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a direct-write lithography system with continuous-wave lasers.
  • Writing index structures parallel and perpendicular to the writing beam.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employing diffusion-mediated photopolymer as the writing medium.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully created deeply buried, localized index structures.
    • Achieved control over feature size and shape in various photopolymers.
    • Demonstrated the fabrication of single-mode waveguides embedded within the photopolymer.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed system offers a flexible and cost-effective approach for 3D optical fabrication.
    • This method allows for precise engineering of optical components within photopolymer matrices.
    • The technology is suitable for creating embedded waveguides and other integrated optical devices.