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Decline in cognitive functioning is associated with a higher mortality risk.

B M van Gelder1, M A R Tijhuis, S Kalmijn

  • 1Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Boukje.van.Gelder@rivm.nl

Neuroepidemiology
|January 19, 2007
PubMed
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Cognitive decline in older men is linked to a doubled risk of death within five years. Stable or improved cognitive function did not show increased mortality risk, highlighting the importance of cognitive health.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cognitive functioning is a key indicator of health in aging populations.
  • Understanding predictors of mortality is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between changes in cognitive functioning over a 5-year period and subsequent mortality risk.
  • To determine if cognitive decline predicts mortality in elderly men.

Main Methods:

  • The study included 493 elderly men from the Finland, Italy, and the Netherlands Elderly (FINE) Study (born 1900-1920).
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination in 1990 and 1995.
  • Proportional hazard analysis examined the link between 5-year cognitive change and 5-year mortality, with adjustments for covariates.

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Main Results:

  • Men experiencing a significant cognitive decline (over 1 SD) between 1990-1995 faced a 2-fold higher mortality risk in the subsequent 5 years (aHR=1.9; 95% CI 1.3-2.7).
  • No significant difference in mortality risk was observed for men with cognitive improvement compared to those with stable cognition (aHR=1.1; 95% CI 0.7-1.9).

Conclusions:

  • A decline in cognitive functioning is a significant predictor of increased mortality risk in elderly men.
  • Maintaining cognitive health may be important for longevity.