Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026
04:11
A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats
Published on: November 6, 2018
[The feature and direction of each controlled release morphine]
Nobuyasu Kimura1, Takayuki Noguchi
1Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty Of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 20, 2007
Summary
Opioid analgesics, particularly controlled-release morphine, are increasingly used for cancer pain in Japan. Physicians need updated information on these potent pain management tools to effectively treat patients experiencing severe cancer pain.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Pain Management
Context:
- Recent advancements in cancer pain management have led to a wider availability of various opioids in Japan.
- Over the past two decades, numerous controlled-release morphine formulations for cancer pain have been introduced to the Japanese market.
- Severe pain is a prevalent and distressing symptom for cancer patients, necessitating comprehensive physician education on opioid analgesics.
Purpose:
- To describe the features and directions of individual controlled-release morphine products available in Japan.
- To outline current strategies and methodologies for effective cancer pain treatment.
- To ensure healthcare providers possess accurate information regarding opioid analgesics for optimal patient care.
Summary:
- This article reviews the expanding landscape of opioid analgesics in Japan, focusing on controlled-release morphine formulations for cancer pain management.
- It details the characteristics and appropriate applications of various controlled-release morphine products.
- Furthermore, the article discusses targeted approaches and treatment methods for managing cancer pain.
Impact:
- Enhances physician understanding of advanced opioid analgesics for cancer pain.
- Provides a guide to selecting and utilizing controlled-release morphine effectively.
- Contributes to improved pain control and quality of life for cancer patients in Japan.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
01:20Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
01:22Opioid Receptors: Overview
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]-enkephalin or DPDPE for...
01:25Analgesia and Pain Management
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
01:22Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics
Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
01:20Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors
Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...