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Updated: Jul 17, 2026
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Finite Element Analysis Model for Assessing Expansion Patterns from Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion
Published on: October 20, 2023
In vitro validated finite element method model for a human skull and related craniofacial effects during rapid
C Provatidis1, B Georgiopoulos, A Kotinas
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Street, Zografos Campus, Athens 15773, Greece. cprovat@central.ntua.gr
Summary
This study investigated biomechanical effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using in vitro and 3D models. Craniofacial suture ossification significantly impacts RME outcomes more than stress relaxation.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanical analysis
- Craniofacial development
- Orthodontic research
Background:
- Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a common orthodontic procedure.
- Understanding the biomechanical effects of RME on the craniofacial complex is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the biomechanical effects of RME on the craniofacial complex.
- To compare in vitro experimental results with a 3D finite element model.
- To evaluate the influence of craniofacial sutures and stress relaxation on RME outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a dry human skull with artificial teeth for in vitro testing.
- Developed a 3D finite element model of a human skull, including sutures, based on CT scans.
- Simulated RME using one-step and multi-step jackscrew activation, incorporating stress relaxation.
Main Results:
- Both in vitro and finite element models showed pyramidal opening of the maxillae.
- Craniofacial suture ossification had a greater influence on displacement distribution than stress relaxation.
- Identified areas of maximum stress and displacement within the craniofacial complex.
Conclusions:
- Suture ossification is a critical factor in RME biomechanics.
- The 3D finite element model provides a reliable method for studying RME.
- Findings offer insights into optimizing RME treatment strategies.
