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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

Kaleidoscopic motion and velocity illusions.

Peter A van der Helm¹

¹Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information, Radboud University Nijmegen, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR Nijmegen, The Netherlands. peterh@nici.ru.nl

Vision Research

|January 24, 2007

Summary

New visual illusions reveal motion and velocity changes in rotating shapes. These effects, driven by contrast and figure-ground ambiguity, create perceptions of pulsation and jolting.

Area of Science:

Visual Perception
Motion Illusions
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

Contrast-defined shapes can elicit complex visual phenomena.
Illusory motion perception is a key area in understanding visual processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To present and discuss a novel class of motion and velocity illusions.
To investigate the perceptual dynamics of rotating contrast-defined shapes.

Main Methods:

Presentation of a starlike wheel stimulus rotating at constant physical velocity.
Observation of perceptual changes (pulsations, jolts, accelerations) at specific alignments.
Gradual manipulation of image contrasts to observe transitions in illusory effects.

Main Results:

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A starlike wheel illusion was observed, showing non-uniform motion perceptually despite constant physical rotation.
Perceptual effects included pulsations, backward and forward jolts, and accelerations.
These dynamic illusions transitioned between states as image contrasts changed.
Illusory effects appear linked to color assimilation and ambiguous figure-ground segregation.

Conclusions:

Novel visual illusions demonstrate complex motion and velocity perception for contrast-defined stimuli.
Figure-ground ambiguity and color assimilation are proposed mechanisms underlying these dynamic illusions.
The findings contribute to understanding the constructive nature of visual motion perception.