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Tissue engineered cartilage "bioshell" protective layer for subcutaneous implants.

Angelo Monroy1, Koji Kojima, Marcielle A Ghanem

  • 1The Pediatric Otolaryngology Service, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|January 24, 2007
PubMed
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A novel tissue-engineered cartilage bioshell significantly accelerated wound healing after simulated implant extrusion in swine. This biocompatible coating shows promise for improving reconstructive surgery outcomes by reducing healing time.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Microtia reconstruction often uses high-density polyethylene implants, which risk extrusion without temporoparietal fascia flaps.
  • Tissue-engineered cartilage bioshells offer a theoretical alternative to reduce implant extrusion and avoid flap surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the wound healing potential of a tissue-engineered cartilage bioshell coating on subcutaneous implants.
  • To test the hypothesis that a bioshell coating enhances wound healing following simulated extrusion.

Main Methods:

  • High-density polyethylene and gold wire-mesh implants were subcutaneously implanted in a swine model.
  • Implants were coated with chondrocytes in hydrogel (bioshell) or left uncoated (control).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Partial implant exposure was performed at 10 weeks to simulate extrusion, followed by secondary wound healing.

    • Main Results:

    • Bioshell-coated implants achieved complete wound closure by postoperative day 7, 30% faster than controls (approx. 10 days).
    • Histological and histochemical analysis confirmed neocartilage formation with 60% glycosaminoglycans content, similar to native cartilage.
    • The bioshell elicited a low inflammatory response.

    Conclusions:

    • A tissue-engineered bioshell coating on implants generated neocartilage and accelerated wound healing.
    • This 'proof-of-principle' study suggests bioshells may reduce complications and improve outcomes in reconstructive surgery.
    • The bioshell approach potentially eliminates the need for temporoparietal fascia flaps in certain implant reconstructions.