GnRH antagonists in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocols in assisted reproductive technique...

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)

Background:

• Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation is standard in ART, requiring suppression of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge.
• Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues, including agonists and antagonists, are used to prevent premature LH surges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on GnRH agonists versus antagonists in assisted reproductive techniques.
• To clarify the differences, protocols, advantages, disadvantages, and patient applications of GnRH antagonists.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of GnRH analogues in assisted reproduction.
• Analysis of clinical data comparing GnRH agonist and antagonist protocols.
• Evaluation of antagonist use in diverse patient populations.

Main Results:

• GnRH antagonists provide effective LH surge suppression with a different mechanism than agonists.
• Antagonist protocols offer potential advantages such as reduced risk of OHSS and shorter stimulation duration.
• Antagonists show efficacy in various patient groups, including poor responders and PCOS patients.

Conclusions:

• GnRH antagonists represent a valuable tool in ART, offering a favorable profile compared to agonists.
• Further research is needed to fully establish the long-term benefits and optimal use of GnRH antagonists.
• Antagonists may increasingly replace agonists in specific ART protocols.