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Female athlete triad update.
Katherine A Beals1, Nanna L Meyer
1Division of Nutrition, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. Katherine.Beals@hsc.utah.edu <Katherine.Beals@hsc.utah.edu>
Clinics in Sports Medicine
|January 24, 2007
Summary
Title IX opened sports doors for women, but some face the female athlete triad: disordered eating, menstrual issues, and low bone density. These conditions negatively impact health and athletic performance.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Women's Health
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Title IX (1972) significantly increased women's sports participation, offering benefits like improved fitness and self-esteem.
- While generally positive, athletic pursuits can expose female athletes to specific health risks.
- The pursuit of athletic success and body weight pressures are key contributing factors.
Observation:
- A subset of female athletes develops a cluster of medical disorders.
- This cluster includes disordered eating, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density (BMD).
- Collectively, these conditions are termed the female athlete triad.
Findings:
- The female athlete triad encompasses disordered eating, amenorrhea, and low bone mass.
- These disorders can occur independently or concurrently.
- The triad poses significant risks to an athlete's overall health.
Implications:
- Early identification and intervention are crucial for affected athletes.
- Addressing the female athlete triad is vital for maintaining long-term health.
- Preventative strategies should focus on balanced nutrition, training load management, and psychological support.
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