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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

Feedback loop dominance analysis of two tree mortality models: relationship between structure and behavior.

Burak Güneralp¹, George Gertner

¹Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. guneralp.burak@gmail.com

Tree Physiology

|January 24, 2007

Summary

Tree mortality mechanisms were explored using two hypotheses and a modified model. The study found that respiration demand and photosynthate supply imbalance are key to tree death, influencing different mortality paths.

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Forest Science
Plant Physiology

Background:

Tree mortality is poorly understood, with two main hypotheses: gradual decline (Manion) and sudden death (Bossel).
Bossel's BAUMTOD model explains sudden death but not gradual decline.

Purpose of the Study:

To postulate and model a causal mechanism for Manion's gradual decline hypothesis.
To compare mortality mechanisms using eigenvalue elasticity analysis (EEA) on Bossel's and a modified model.

Main Methods:

Modification of Bossel's BAUMTOD model into BAUMTOD-M to include gradual decline mechanisms.
Application of eigenvalue elasticity analysis (EEA) to both models to analyze structure-behavior relationships under stress.

Main Results:

Under stress, trees lose coordinated growth, impacting foliage, roots, and biomass.
Inability to meet respiration demand is critical at the onset of tree mortality in both models.
Differences in modeled mechanisms lead to distinct tree mortality pathways.

Conclusions:

Bossel's sudden death hypothesis may be a specific case of Manion's gradual decline hypothesis.
Further research is needed to differentiate between these tree mortality mechanisms.