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Interventions to prevent overweight in children.

M J Müller1, S Danielzik, B Landsberg

  • 1Institut für Humanernährung und Lebensmittelkunde, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany. mmueller@nutrfoodsc.uni-kiel.de

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition
|January 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Few studies exist on preventing childhood overweight. School-based programs improve health knowledge but have minimal impact on nutritional status, though they reduce overweight incidence, especially in girls.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Limited controlled studies exist on preventing overweight in children and adolescents.
  • Existing interventions vary significantly in strategy, setting, duration, focus, outcome variables, and statistical power.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effectiveness of current strategies for preventing overweight in children and adolescents.
  • To identify factors influencing intervention success and highlight the need for comprehensive approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of controlled studies on childhood and adolescent overweight prevention.
  • Analysis of intervention strategies, settings, and outcomes.
  • Examination of demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing effectiveness.

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Main Results:

  • Universal and school-based interventions show minor effects on nutritional status but reduce overweight incidence, particularly in girls.
  • Interventions are more effective for children from higher socioeconomic backgrounds and intact families.
  • Combined child-parent interventions show success but face social barriers; multifaceted, multi-setting strategies are most promising.

Conclusions:

  • Effective prevention of childhood overweight requires integrated strategies across multiple settings.
  • Current efforts are fragmented, necessitating national campaigns and action plans for childhood overweight and obesity.
  • Multifaceted approaches are likely to yield greater positive impacts than isolated interventions.