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Measles virus and otosclerosis

H P Niedermeyer1, T Gantumur, W J Neubert

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.

Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
|January 25, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Measles virus (MeV) is strongly associated with otosclerosis. Researchers found MeV RNA and proteins in otosclerotic tissue, indicating MeV persistence and a potential role in the disease.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Otosclerosis is a bone disease of the middle ear.
  • Chronic inflammation is observed in otosclerotic lesions.
  • The role of measles virus (MeV) in otosclerosis pathogenesis is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between measles virus and otosclerosis.
  • To detect MeV presence and immune response in otosclerotic tissues and fluids.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry to detect MeV proteins (N, P, F) in otosclerotic foci.
  • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to extract and amplify MeV RNA from fresh-frozen and embedded otosclerotic tissues.
  • Measurement of anti-MeV IgG levels in perilymph and serum.
  • In situ RT-PCR for MeV sequence localization.
  • Genotyping of MeV.

Main Results:

  • MeV proteins and RNA were detected in otosclerotic tissues.
  • Elevated anti-MeV IgG levels were found in the perilymph of otosclerosis patients.
  • MeV sequences were localized in various cell types within the middle ear mucosa.
  • Genotyping identified MeV genotype A, circulating in Europe around 1960, in otosclerotic foci.
  • Evidence for MeV persistence was established.

Conclusions:

  • Measles virus (MeV) shows a strong association with otosclerosis.
  • MeV may act as an environmental stimulus in the etiopathogenesis of otosclerosis.
  • The findings support MeV persistence and an immune response in otosclerosis patients.

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