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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models

Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models

Published on: November 11, 2020

Particle engineering for pulmonary drug delivery.

Albert H L Chow¹, Henry H Y Tong, Pratibhash Chattopadhyay

¹School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, China. albert-chow@cuhk.edu.hk

Pharmaceutical Research

|January 25, 2007

Summary

Particle engineering advances pulmonary drug delivery. This review covers novel technologies for efficient inhalable drug particles, optimizing lung delivery and therapeutic results.

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Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Technology
Drug Delivery Systems
Particle Engineering

Background:

Inhalation therapy is increasingly popular and sophisticated, driving demand for specialized inhalable drug particles.
Efficient lung delivery and optimal therapeutic outcomes require tailored particle characteristics.
Numerous novel particle technologies have emerged to meet these formulation demands.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically review current goals and technologies in particle engineering for pulmonary drug delivery systems.
To discuss the merits and limitations of various particle engineering techniques.
To briefly review regulatory requirements for inhaled particulate products.

Main Methods:

Review of traditional micronization and powder blending.
Analysis of controlled solvent crystallization, spray drying, and spray freeze drying.
Evaluation of particle formation from liquid dispersion, supercritical fluid processing, and particle coating.

Main Results:

Discussion of diverse particle engineering technologies for pulmonary drug delivery.
Assessment of technologies based on drug and excipient compatibility.
Overview of regulatory considerations for inhaled particulate products.

Conclusions:

Particle engineering is crucial for advancing inhalation therapy.
A range of technologies exists, each with specific applications and limitations.
Understanding these technologies and regulatory aspects is key for developing effective pulmonary drug delivery systems.