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Gene-Centromere Mapping in Rainbow Trout: High Interference over Long Map Distances.

G H Thorgaard¹, F W Allendorf, K L Knudsen

¹Program in Genetics and Cell Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4350.

|April 1, 1983

Summary

Gene mapping in rainbow trout reveals centromere distances and linkage. High interference was observed, potentially due to small fish chromosome arms, impacting inbreeding strategies.

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Area of Science:

Genetics
Aquaculture
Comparative Genomics

Background:

Understanding gene-centromere mapping is crucial for genetic studies in fish.
Gynogenetic diploid rainbow trout offer a unique model for genetic analysis.
Previous studies suggest variations in interference patterns across fish species.

Purpose of the Study:

To map ten enzyme loci in relation to their centromeres in gynogenetic diploid rainbow trout.
To investigate gene linkage and interference patterns.
To compare the locations of duplicated loci and assess inbreeding methods.

Main Methods:

Centromere mapping of ten enzyme loci in gynogenetic diploid rainbow trout.
Calculation of gene-centromere map distances assuming complete interference.

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Analysis of heterozygosity in gynogenetic diploids to infer interference levels.

Comparative mapping of duplicated loci.

Main Results:

Gene-centromere map distances ranged from 1.1 cM (Ldh4) to 50 cM (Sod1).
The Idh2 and Est1 loci were found to be linked on the same chromosome arm.
Near-complete interference was observed for Sod1 and Mdh3,4 loci, possibly due to small fish chromosome arms.
Duplicated loci (Ldh3/Ldh4, Mdh3/Mdh4) showed similar centromere distances, with more variation in older duplications.
Gynogenesis with second polar body retention is not effective for producing homozygous lines.

Conclusions:

Centromere mapping provides insights into genome organization in rainbow trout.
High interference in fish may be linked to chromosome arm size.
Comparative mapping aids in understanding salmonid genome evolution.
Alternative methods, like suppressing first cell division, are more suitable for producing homozygous rainbow trout lines.