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Related Concept Videos

Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

Overview
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
Test Cross01:39

Test Cross

Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Humans and other diploid organisms inherit two alleles of every gene, one from each parent.

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Evaluation of mammographic calcifications using a computer program.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens
13:03

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Published on: March 8, 2018

Chromosome polymorphism of teosinte.

Y C Ting1

  • 1Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167.

Genetics
|August 1, 1976
PubMed
Summary

Florida teosinte from Honduras is phylogenetically closer to Guanajuato teosinte than Guatemalan teosintes. This finding, along with B chromosomes and inversions, suggests potential introgression between maize and teosinte.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Plant Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Teosinte is the wild ancestor of maize.
  • Chromosomal characteristics, such as knobs and inversions, are important for understanding teosinte evolution.
  • Geographic origin influences teosinte genetic diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare chromosomal features of Florida teosinte from Honduras with Guanajuato and Guatemalan teosintes.
  • To investigate potential phylogenetic relationships and introgression between maize and teosinte.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of chromosomal knob location in different teosinte populations.
  • Identification of inversions, specifically in chromosome 8 (In 8).
  • Assessment of B chromosomes presence.

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A Rapid and Efficient Method for Assessing Pathogenicity of Ustilago maydis on Maize and Teosinte Lines
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A Rapid and Efficient Method for Assessing Pathogenicity of Ustilago maydis on Maize and Teosinte Lines

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Main Results:

  • Florida teosinte (Honduras) and Guanajuato teosinte share internally located knobs and a common inversion in chromosome 8.
  • Guatemalan teosintes (Huixta, Monajil) exhibit terminally located knobs and lack inversions.
  • The presence of B chromosomes and In 8 in Guanajuato and Florida teosintes (Honduras) suggests possible maize-teosinte introgression.

Conclusions:

  • Florida teosinte from Honduras is phylogenetically closer to Guanajuato teosinte.
  • Chromosomal data supports distinct evolutionary pathways for different teosinte populations.
  • Evidence points towards introgression between maize and teosinte, particularly involving B chromosomes and chromosome 8 inversions.