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Types of Selection

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...

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Related Experiment Video

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Choice and No-Choice Bioassays to Study the Pupation Preference and Emergence Success of Ectropis grisescens

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Stabilizing Selection for Pupa Weight in TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM.

P K Kaufman¹, F D Enfield, R E Comstock

¹Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108.

|October 1, 1977

Summary

Stabilizing selection on pupa weight in Tribolium castaneum reduced phenotypic variance and maintained genetic variability, suggesting heterozygote advantage. Selected populations also showed improved reproductive fitness compared to random selected ones.

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Quantitative genetics
Animal breeding

Background:

Stabilizing selection favors intermediate phenotypes, potentially reducing genetic and phenotypic variance.
Understanding the long-term effects of selection on genetic architecture and fitness is crucial for evolutionary and breeding studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of prolonged stabilizing selection on pupa weight in Tribolium castaneum.
To assess changes in phenotypic variance, additive genetic variance, and heritability under selection.
To evaluate the effect of stabilizing selection on reproductive fitness and genetic variability.

Main Methods:

Applying stabilizing selection for pupa weight over 95 generations in Tribolium castaneum.
Comparing selected populations with randomly selected control populations.
Measuring phenotypic variance, additive genetic variance, heritability, sterility, and progeny number.

Main Results:

Significant decrease in phenotypic variance and moderate reduction in additive genetic variance observed.
Heritability showed only slight changes, indicating maintenance of genetic variation.
Populations under stabilizing selection exhibited lower sterility and higher progeny per mating.
Reduced phenotypic variance suggests increased buffering against environmental variation.

Conclusions:

Prolonged stabilizing selection can maintain genetic variability, possibly through heterozygote advantage.
Stabilizing selection can enhance reproductive fitness in Tribolium castaneum.
The study highlights the complex interplay between selection, genetic architecture, and environmental buffering.