Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
Published on: June 5, 2020
Dual effect of APOBEC3G on Hepatitis B virus
Chiemi Noguchi1,2, Nobuhiko Hiraga1,2, Nami Mori1,2
1Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Abstract:
G to A hypermutation of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and retroviruses appears as a result of deamination activities of host APOBEC proteins and is thought to play a role in innate antiviral immunity. Alpha and gamma interferons (IFN-alpha and -gamma) have been reported to upregulate the transcription of APOBEC3G, which is known to reduce the replication of HBV. We investigated the number of hypermutated genomes under various conditions by developing a quantitative measurement. The level of hypermutated HBV in a HepG2 cell line, which is semi-permissive for retrovirus, was 2.3 in 10(4) HBV genomes, but only 0.5 in 10(4) in permissive Huh7 cells. The level of APOBEC3G mRNA was about ten times greater in HepG2 cells than in Huh7 cells. Treatment of HepG2 cells with either IFN-alpha or -gamma increased the transcription of APOBEC3G and hypermutation of HBV. These mRNAs and hypermutation of HBV genomes were induced more prominently by IFN-gamma than by IFN-alpha. Both IFNs decreased the number of replicative intermediate of HBV. Overexpression of APOBEC3G reduced the number of replicative intermediate of HBV and increased hypermutated genomes 334 times, reaching 968 in 10(4) genomes. Deamination-inactive APOBEC3G did not induce hypermutation, but reduced the virus equally. Our results suggest that APOBEC3G, upregulated by IFNs, has a dual effect on HBV: induction of hypermutation and reduction of virus synthesis. The effect of hypermutation on infectivity should be investigated further.
More Related Videos
09:35Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
Published on: February 1, 2017
11:34A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
Published on: May 10, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Hepatitis
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Viruses with RNA Genomes
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis
Inhibitors Of Virion Release
Leaky Scanning