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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

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Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Osmotic Drug Delivery to Ischemic Hindlimbs and Perfusion of Vasculature with Microfil for Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging
10:50

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Cilostazol for peripheral arterial disease.

P Robless1, D P Mikhailidis, G P Stansby

  • 1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Dept of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074. surrpa@nus.edu.sg

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cilostazol effectively improves walking distance for patients with intermittent claudication (IC), a common symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This medication does not increase cardiovascular events or mortality, offering a safe option for symptom management.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects a significant portion of the elderly population.
  • Intermittent claudication (IC) is a primary symptom of PAD, causing leg pain during exercise.
  • IC patients face a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality, necessitating effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of cilostazol in enhancing walking distance for individuals with stable IC.
  • To assess cilostazol's impact on reducing vascular mortality and cardiovascular events in IC patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized controlled trials.
  • Included trials compared cilostazol (various dosages) against placebo or other antiplatelet agents.
  • Data extraction and assessment were performed independently by multiple authors.

Main Results:

  • Cilostazol significantly improved initial claudication distance (ICD) at dosages of 100 mg and 50 mg twice daily compared to placebo.
  • A trend towards increased ICD was observed with 150 mg twice daily, though not statistically significant.
  • No significant increase in major adverse events, including cardiovascular events or mortality, was associated with cilostazol use.

Conclusions:

  • Cilostazol demonstrates efficacy in improving walking distance for patients suffering from IC.
  • Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease is crucial for all IC patients.
  • Further data is required to determine cilostazol's effect on reducing adverse cardiovascular events.