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Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis.

M Farinotti1, S Simi, C Di Pietrantonj

  • 1Istituto Nazionale Neurologico Carlo Besta, S.O. Neuroepidemiologia, via Celoria 11, Milano (MI), Italy, 20133. farinotti@istituto-besta.it

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) show no significant effect on multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression or relapse risk. More research is needed to assess the effectiveness of dietary interventions for MS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutrition Science
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Dietary interventions, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamins, are commonly used by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) with the belief they may improve disease outcomes.
  • Clinical and experimental data suggest potential benefits of specific dietary regimens for MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a Cochrane review of randomized trials evaluating dietary regimens for MS.
  • To answer consumer questions regarding the efficacy and safety of dietary interventions for MS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of multiple databases including Cochrane MS Group register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE up to March 2006.
  • Inclusion of all randomized controlled trials comparing specific dietary interventions or supplements against no dietary modification or placebo.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Independent selection of articles, quality assessment, and data extraction by two reviewers, noting poor trial quality and high dropout rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) did not significantly impact MS disease progression or relapse rates over two years.
    • Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids showed no demonstrable benefit in reducing disease progression in various MS patient groups.
    • While some small studies suggested slight decreases in relapse rate with omega-6 fatty acids, these findings were limited by study validity. No major toxicity was associated with PUFA administration.
    • No studies on vitamin supplementation or allergen-free diets met the eligibility criteria.

    Conclusions:

    • PUFAs appear to have no substantial effect on the primary clinical outcome of MS disease progression or the risk of clinical relapses.
    • Current data are insufficient to definitively assess the benefits or harms of PUFA supplementation in MS.
    • Evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of vitamin supplementation and antioxidant supplements for MS is lacking, necessitating further research into dietary interventions.