Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026
03:37
Cerebral Ischemic Coma Model Induced by Modified Four-Vessel Occlusion
Published on: July 5, 2024
Central periodic breathing during sleep in acute ischemic stroke
Dirk M Hermann1, Massimiliano Siccoli, Philip Kirov
1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Stroke
|January 27, 2007
Summary
Central periodic breathing during sleep (CPBS) can occur after unilateral supratentorial stroke. This breathing pattern may resolve as stroke recovery progresses.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiorespiratory Physiology
Background:
- Central periodic breathing during sleep (CPBS) is a potential complication of unilateral supratentorial stroke.
- Limited data exists on CPBS in stroke patients without cardiopulmonary disease or altered consciousness.
Observation:
- Three first-ever stroke patients with CPBS were identified among 31 stroke cases.
- These patients exhibited ischemic strokes in the left cingulate cortex, left insula, and right paramedian thalamus.
- Patients maintained full consciousness and had no significant cardiovascular dysfunction during sleep studies.
Findings:
- CPBS was observed in 18-24% of sleep time in affected patients.
- Breathing abnormalities showed improvement in all patients as their stroke condition recovered.
- Strokes affecting autonomic (insula) and volitional (cingulate cortex, thalamus) respiratory networks were implicated.
Implications:
- CPBS can be a transient manifestation of supratentorial strokes impacting specific brain regions.
- Resolution of CPBS correlates with the natural recovery process following stroke.
- Understanding this link aids in diagnosing and managing respiratory disturbances post-stroke.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Alterations in Respiration II
There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
01:15Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
01:23Acute Respiratory Failure-IV
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
01:15Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
01:21Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
The condition is more prevalent among...
01:26Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...