Strongyloidosis hyperinfection in a neutropenic host diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage

Opportunistic disseminated strongyloidosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. In addition to a high index of clinical suspicion, alerting the microbiologist will help in diagnosing this condition early and institute therapy. We report a 51-year-old male who developed pulmonary infiltrates during the period of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Strongyloidosis larvae were found on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and stool specimens. The patient responded to treatment with albendazole.