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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
11:17

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Published on: February 27, 2026

Endobronchial tuberculosis presenting as tumorous mass.

Rupak Singla1, Amitabh Kumar, Devesh Chauhan

  • 1Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, L.R.S. Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi, India. drrupaksingla@yahoo.com

The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases & Allied Sciences
|January 30, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Endobronchial tuberculosis can mimic tumors, causing airway obstruction. Prompt anti-tuberculous treatment resolved the obstruction but led to mild airway stenosis.

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Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
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Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
10:19

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

Published on: November 10, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Case Reports

Background:

  • Airway obstruction in young adults can present with diverse etiologies.
  • Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis.
  • Right middle lobe syndrome is a well-recognized clinical entity.

Observation:

  • An 18-year-old male presented with symptoms suggestive of right middle lobe collapse.
  • Bronchoscopy revealed a tumor-like lesion obstructing the right middle lobe bronchus.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed endobronchial tuberculosis.

Findings:

  • Anti-tuberculous therapy led to significant resolution of the endobronchial lesion within three months.
  • The patient experienced resolution of airway obstruction.
  • A complication of mild airway stenosis was noted post-treatment.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering EBTB in the differential diagnosis of obstructive lung disease, even in young patients.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of EBTB are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Monitoring for airway complications like stenosis is essential during and after treatment for EBTB.