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Diffusion tensor imaging of post mortem multiple sclerosis brain.

Klaus Schmierer1, Claudia A M Wheeler-Kingshott, Phil A Boulby

  • 1Institute of Neurology, University College London, NMR Research Unit, Box 117, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK. k.schmierer@ion.ucl.ac.uk

Neuroimage
|January 30, 2007
PubMed
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in multiple sclerosis (MS) brain. DTI metrics correlate with myelin and axonal content, offering insights into MS pathology.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuropathology
  • Multiple Sclerosis Research

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disease.
  • Conventional MRI (cMRI) has limitations in predicting MS-related disability.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) shows potential for greater specificity in MS pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between histological indices (myelin content, axonal count, gliosis) and DTI measures (mean diffusivity [MD], fractional anisotropy [FA]).
  • To analyze these associations in unfixed post-mortem MS brain tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 1.5-T MR system for DTI on unfixed post-mortem MS brain.
  • Compared DTI measures (MD and FA) between white matter lesions (WMLs) and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM).

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  • Correlated DTI metrics with histological indices of myelin content and axonal count.

    • Main Results:

    • Post-mortem MD and FA values were lower than in vivo data.
    • Differences in MD and FA between WMLs and NAWM were consistent with in vivo findings.
    • Significant correlations were found between myelin content and FA (r=-0.79) and MD (r=0.68).
    • Axonal count also correlated significantly with FA (r=-0.81) and MD (r=0.68).

    Conclusions:

    • Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) are significantly influenced by myelin content in post-mortem MS brain.
    • Axonal count also contributes to the observed DTI metrics, though to a lesser extent than myelin.
    • DTI measures reflect underlying neuropathological changes in MS, including myelin and axonal integrity.