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Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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A Label-free Technique for the Spatio-temporal Imaging of Single Cell Secretions
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Label-free DNA biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance coupled with interferometry.

Do-Kyun Kim1, Kagan Kerman, Masato Saito

  • 1School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi City, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.

Analytical Chemistry
|January 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a novel optical biosensor using gold-capped nanostructures on a porous anodic alumina chip. This highly sensitive biosensor can detect picomolar quantities of DNA, showing promise for various analytical tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Optical biosensors are crucial for sensitive biomolecular detection.
  • Porous anodic alumina (PAA) offers a versatile substrate for nanostructure fabrication.
  • Gold nanostructures exhibit unique plasmonic properties beneficial for sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel optical biosensor utilizing gold-deposited porous anodic alumina (PAA) nanostructures.
  • To investigate the sensing capabilities of the "gold-capped oxide nanostructure" formation.
  • To demonstrate the detection of oligonucleotides and DNA hybridization.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a gold-deposited PAA layer chip.
  • Characterization of the "gold-capped oxide nanostructure" surface.
  • Utilizing interferometric and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties for detection.
  • Demonstration of picomolar detection of untagged oligonucleotides and DNA hybridization.

Main Results:

  • Formation of an orderly "gold-capped oxide nanostructure" on the PAA chip.
  • High sensitivity of the relative reflected intensity (RRI) to biomolecular layer thickness changes.
  • Detection limit of 10 pM for synthetic target DNA.
  • Observation of both RRI increment and wavelength shift upon biomolecular interaction.

Conclusions:

  • The developed gold-capped oxide nanostructure PAA chip is a highly sensitive optical biosensor.
  • The sensor effectively detects picomolar quantities of DNA and hybridization events.
  • The dual optical signal (RRI and wavelength shift) enhances its applicability in diverse analytical tests.