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EDXRF analysis of municipal solid waste using (109)Cd source.

D Gupta1, J M Chatterjee, R Ghosh

  • 1Nuclear and Atomic Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|January 31, 2007
PubMed
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Municipal solid waste (MSW) analysis in Kolkata reveals elevated levels of heavy metals like titanium to lead, exceeding ecological limits. Iron concentrations were found to be exceptionally high, indicating potential environmental concerns.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Municipal solid waste (MSW) poses environmental challenges due to its complex elemental composition.
  • Accurate elemental analysis is crucial for assessing the ecological impact of waste disposal sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the elemental composition of MSW samples from Kolkata, India.
  • To compare measured elemental concentrations against established ecological screening values.

Main Methods:

  • Non-destructive energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique was employed for elemental analysis.
  • Samples were collected from urban and suburban MSW dumping sites.
  • System reliability was validated using NIST Standard Reference Material-1648 UPM.

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Main Results:

  • Elemental analysis revealed elevated concentrations of titanium (Ti) to lead (Pb) in MSW, ranging 2-7 times higher than ecological screening values.
  • Iron (Fe) concentrations were significantly higher, exceeding ecological screening values by a factor of 100-200.
  • Matrix effects were accounted for using the emission-transmission method.

Conclusions:

  • MSW in Kolkata contains hazardous levels of several heavy metals, posing significant environmental risks.
  • The high iron content in MSW requires further investigation and targeted waste management strategies.