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Intrafamilial spread of hepatitis C virus
S Riestra Menéndez1, M Rodríguez García, F Sánchez San Román
1S. Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Covadonga, Oviedo, Spain.
Infection
|November 1, 1991
Summary
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies were found in 4.9% of household contacts, significantly higher than blood donors. Intrafamilial transmission is a key factor in HCV spread, especially with prolonged exposure.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health concern.
- Understanding transmission routes is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in household contacts of HCV-positive individuals.
- To identify risk factors associated with HCV transmission within families.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study involving 530 household contacts of 225 anti-HCV-positive index cases.
- Serological testing for anti-HCV antibodies.
- Analysis of demographic data, contact history, and clinical outcomes.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of anti-HCV was 4.9% among household contacts, significantly higher than in blood donors (0.78%).
- Anti-HCV prevalence increased with age, duration of contact, and exposure time.
- No difference in prevalence based on sexual or non-sexual contact type.
- Association between anti-HCV and cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in index cases.
Conclusions:
- Intrafamilial transmission is a significant contributor to HCV spread.
- Close contact and prolonged exposure increase the risk of HCV infection within households.
- HCV transmission within families warrants further investigation and targeted interventions.