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Visual dysfunctions and ocular disorders in children with developmental delay. I. prevalence, diagnoses and aetiology

Lisbeth Sandfeld Nielsen1, Liselotte Skov, Hanne Jensen

  • 1Eye Department, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. l.sandfeld@dadnet.dk

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica
|February 1, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Visual impairment is common in children with developmental delay (DD), affecting 10.5% of the study group. The risk significantly increases with lower IQ scores, highlighting a strong correlation.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Developmental delay (DD) can impact various aspects of a child's development, including vision.
  • Understanding the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in this population is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence, diagnoses, and etiologies of visual impairment in children with developmental delay.
  • To investigate the relationship between visual impairment and IQ in children with DD.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of children aged 4-15 years with profound to borderline developmental delay (IQ ≤ 80) in Copenhagen County.
  • Children identified through school psychologists and pediatric clinics.
  • Capture-recapture method used to estimate the number of children with DD; ophthalmological examinations conducted.

Main Results:

  • 1126 children met inclusion criteria; 923 underwent ophthalmological exams.
  • Prevalence of visual impairment was 10.5% in the overall DD group and 22.4% in those with IQ ≤ 50.
  • Common diagnoses included cerebral visual impairment, optic atrophy, retinal dystrophies, and congenital nystagmus; most etiologies were prenatal.

Conclusions:

  • Visual impairment is significantly more prevalent in children with developmental delay.
  • A strong correlation exists between lower IQ and increased risk of visual impairment in children with DD.
Abstract

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