Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with recurrent self-harm. Single-centre double-blind randomised
Brian Hallahan1, Joseph R Hibbeln, John M Davis
1Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital and The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland.
Background:
Trials have demonstrated benefits of long-chain omega-3 essential fatty acid (n-3 EFA) supplementation in a variety of psychiatric disorders.
Aims:
To assess the efficacy of n-3 EFAs in improving psychological well-being in patients with recurrent self-harm.
Method:
Patients (n=49) presenting after an act of repeated self-harm were randomised to receive 1.2 g eicosapentaenoic acid plus 0.9 g decosahexaenoic acid (n=22) or placebo (n=27) for 12 weeks in addition to standard psychiatric care. Six psychological domains were measured at baseline and end point.
Results:
At 12 weeks, the n-3 EFA group had significantly greater improvements in scores for depression, suicidality and daily stresses. Scores for impulsivity, aggression and hostility did not differ.
Conclusions:
Supplementation achieved substantial reductions in surrogate markers of suicidal behaviour and improvements in well-being. Larger studies are warranted to determine if insufficient dietary intake of n-3 EFAs is a reversible risk factor for self-harm.
