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Complications associated with indwelling catheters.

J R Simmons¹, A U Buzdar, D M Ota

¹Department of Medical Oncology (Breast Medical Oncology), University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.

Medical and Pediatric Oncology

|January 1, 1992

Summary

Central venous catheters are generally safe for doxorubicin chemotherapy, with most patients experiencing no complications. While acute and chronic issues like infections and thrombus can occur, they are treatable and not fatal.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Medical Devices

Background:

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are utilized for administering doxorubicin-containing adjuvant chemotherapy.
Indwelling catheters in the antecubital fossa were also used in a subset of patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the incidence and types of acute and chronic complications associated with indwelling catheters in patients receiving doxorubicin chemotherapy.
To assess the safety profile of CVCs in this patient population.

Main Methods:

Retrospective study analyzing data from 170 patients who received doxorubicin chemotherapy via CVCs between 1983 and 1985.
Data collection focused on complications related to indwelling catheters.

Main Results:

56% of patients experienced no complications.

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Acute complications occurred in 2% of patients (e.g., pneumothorax).

Chronic complications affected 17% of patients, including infectious complications (12%) and thrombus (19%).

Other local complications (7%) and multiple complications (7%) were also reported.

All reported complications were successfully managed with treatment.

Conclusions:

Indwelling catheters for doxorubicin chemotherapy are associated with a low incidence of acute complications.
Chronic complications, including infections and thrombus, are manageable.
No patient deaths were attributed to catheter-related complications, indicating a favorable safety profile.