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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Ovaries01:26

Ovaries

The ovaries are roughly the size of almonds and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in length. These paired structures are situated within the pelvic region and are anchored by the mesovarium—a peritoneal extension that also connects them to the wider structure of the broad ligament. The support system extends to the suspensory ligament, housing blood and lymphatic vessels. In addition, the ovarian ligament tethers the ovaries to the uterus.
On the ovarian surface, a layer of cuboidal...
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Histology of the Uterus01:19

Histology of the Uterus

The uterine wall consists of three histological layers: the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium. The outermost perimetrium is a thin, serous membrane connected with the broad ligament on the sides, which helps anchor the uterus in the pelvic cavity. The thickest layer, myometrium, is mainly made up of smooth muscle tissue bundles. Its contractions are vital in facilitating the expulsion of the uterine lining, fetus, and placenta during menstruation and childbirth.
The endometrium is the...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...

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Mid-term outcomes after colpocleisis versus sacrospinous ligament fixation: VIGI-MESH registry.

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Influence of prenatal urinary incontinence and mode of delivery in postnatal urinary incontinence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Management of postmenopausal women: Collège National des Gynécologues et Obstétriciens Français (CNGOF) and Groupe d'Etude sur la Ménopause et le Vieillissement (GEMVi) Clinical Practice Guidelines.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

[Endometriosis anatomoclinical entities].

X Fritel1

  • 1Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique, CHD Félix-Guyon, 97417 Saint-Denis cedex, île de la Réunion, France. x-fritel@chd-fguyon.fr

Journal De Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et Biologie De La Reproduction
|February 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This review clarifies endometriosis definitions, anatomical subtypes, and natural history to aid clinical guideline development. Understanding these aspects is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of endometriosis.

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Reproductive Medicine

Context:

  • Endometriosis is histologically defined as endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
  • Macroscopic lesions require histological confirmation; negative histology does not rule out endometriosis.
  • Three distinct clinical entities exist: peritoneal, ovarian (endometrial cysts), and deeply infiltrating endometriosis, with no proven differences in pathogenesis.

Purpose:

  • To establish precise definitions of endometriosis.
  • To delineate anatomoclinical entities.
  • To describe the natural history of endometriosis for clinical guideline establishment.

Summary:

  • Endometriosis involves endometrial tissue outside the uterus, confirmed by histology.
  • The condition presents as peritoneal, ovarian, or deeply infiltrating types.
  • Its natural history is variable, with potential progression or regression, and an association with ovarian cancer, though malignant transformation risk is debated.

Impact:

  • Facilitates the establishment of standardized clinical guidelines for endometriosis management.
  • Improves diagnostic accuracy by emphasizing histological confirmation.
  • Provides a foundation for future research into endometriosis pathogenesis and treatment.