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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
One-Degree-of-Freedom System01:24

One-Degree-of-Freedom System

In mechanical engineering, one-degree-of-freedom systems form the basis of a wide range of electrical and mechanical components. Using these models, engineers can predict the behavior of various parts in a larger system, which gives them insight into how different forces interact with each other.
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...

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Related Experiment Videos

An active vision system for multitarget surveillance in dynamic environments.

Ardevan Bakhtari1, Beno Benhabib

  • 1Promation Engineering Ltd., Mississauga, ON L4W 2W5, Canada. bakhtar@mie.utoronto.ca

IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a Publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an agent-based system for dynamic camera control, improving surveillance by adjusting camera positions and orientations to avoid occlusions and capture optimal views of moving objects.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Robotics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Simultaneous surveillance of multiple objects with unknown trajectories in cluttered environments poses significant challenges.
  • Traditional sensing systems often lack the adaptability to dynamically reconfigure for optimal performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel agent-based method for dynamic, coordinated selection and positioning of active-vision cameras.
  • To enhance surveillance performance by maximizing coverage, avoiding occlusions, and acquiring preferred viewing angles.

Main Methods:

  • An agent-based approach for dynamic sensor selection and positioning.
  • Real-time adjustment of camera orientation and position to track multiple objects.
  • Verification through simulations and implementation on an experimental prototype for automated facial recognition.

Main Results:

  • The proposed system dynamically adjusts camera parameters to optimize surveillance.
  • Simulations and experimental results demonstrate improved system performance.
  • Effective online dispatching strategy enhances surveillance capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic sensor reconfiguration significantly improves surveillance performance in complex environments.
  • The agent-based method offers a robust solution for real-time object tracking and surveillance.
  • The system is effective for applications like automated facial recognition.