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Aging affects the predictive control of grip force during object manipulation.

Frédéric Danion1, Médéric Descoins, Reinoud J Bootsma

  • 1CNRS, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de la Méditerranée, UMR 6152 Mouvement et Perception, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France. frederic.danion@univmed.fr

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Aging impairs predictive grip force control during object manipulation. Older adults show delayed grip adjustments and amplified non-functional force variations, reducing control efficiency compared to younger adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Predictive control of grip force is crucial for stable object manipulation.
  • Aging can affect sensorimotor control and motor learning.
  • Understanding age-related changes in grip force regulation is important for preventing accidents and maintaining independence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aging on the predictive control of grip force.
  • To compare grip force regulation in young and older adults under different external force fields.
  • To analyze the metric and spectral characteristics of grip force adjustments in relation to load variations.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed rhythmic object manipulation tasks in horizontal plane.
  • Three conditions were tested: elastic cord on arm (ARM), on object (OBJECT), and no cord (NO ELAST).
  • Grip force (GF) and load at the object-finger interface (LFO) were measured and analyzed for metric and spectral properties.

Main Results:

  • Both young and older adults exhibited predictive grip force control, adapting to different force fields.
  • Elderly participants showed delayed grip force adjustments (-26 ms) compared to young adults (+7 ms).
  • Aging amplified non-functional grip force modulations at the movement frequency when load varied at twice the movement frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Young and older adults can predictively control grip force and differentiate external force fields.
  • Aging exacerbates inefficiencies in grip force control, particularly under complex loading conditions.
  • Age-related changes in predictive grip force control may impact manipulation performance and safety.