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Phosphorescent resonant energy transfer between iridium complexes.

Dorothee Wasserberg1, Stefan C J Meskers, René A J Janssen

  • 1Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Triplet energy transfer mechanisms were studied using iridium complexes. In solution, both Dexter and Förster transfer occurred, while in solid-state, only Förster transfer was observed, depending on molecular diffusion.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photochemistry
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Triplet energy transfer is crucial for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
  • Understanding energy transfer mechanisms (Dexter vs. Förster) is key to optimizing device efficiency.
  • Iridium complexes are widely used as phosphorescent emitters in OLEDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of triplet energy transfer from Ir(tBu-ppy)3 to Ir(btp)2(acac).
  • To differentiate between Dexter and Förster energy transfer pathways using a model acceptor, 3T.
  • To elucidate the role of molecular diffusion in triplet energy transfer in solution and solid-state.

Main Methods:

  • Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy.
  • Utilized fac-tris[2-(4'-tert-butylphenyl)pyridinato]iridium (Ir(tBu-ppy)3) as the energy donor.
  • Employed bis[2-(2'-benzothienyl)pyridinato-N,C3')(acetylacetonato)iridium (Ir(btp)2(acac)) and [2,2';5,'2' ']terthiophene (3T) as triplet energy acceptors.

Main Results:

  • In semidilute solution, Ir(tBu-ppy)3 transferred triplet energy to both Ir(btp)2(acac) and 3T via a diffusion-controlled process (Dexter and/or Förster).
  • In a solid-state polymer matrix, Ir(tBu-ppy)3's phosphorescence was quenched by Ir(btp)2(acac) but not by 3T.
  • This indicates that Förster transfer dominates when molecular diffusion is restricted, provided non-negligible transition dipoles exist.

Conclusions:

  • Triplet energy transfer mechanisms are highly dependent on the physical state (solution vs. solid-state).
  • Förster transfer is the primary mechanism in solid-state matrices where diffusion is inhibited.
  • The study provides quantitative agreement with Förster transfer models for rigid matrices.