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Flow transitions in two-dimensional foams.

Christopher Gilbreth1, Scott Sullivan, Michael Dennin

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
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Flowing foam exhibits inhomogeneous flow at slow strain rates. This study details a discrete flow regime in 2D bubble rafts, revealing localized behavior and a transition from continuum to discrete flow.

Area of Science:

  • Rheology
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Flowing foam can display inhomogeneous flow patterns at low strain rates.
  • Three distinct flow regimes have been identified in 3D foam: full flow, shear banding (continuum behavior), and a discrete regime with extreme localization.
  • Understanding these flow regimes is crucial for foam science and applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the discrete flow regime in detail using a 2D bubble raft model.
  • To characterize the behavior of the bubble raft under constant strain rate as a function of time, system size, and applied strain rate.
  • To identify the transition criteria between continuum and discrete flow behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a 2D bubble raft as a model system for studying foam flow.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Applying a constant rate of strain to the bubble raft.
  • Systematically varying time, system size, and applied strain rate.
  • Observing and analyzing flow localization and bubble dynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • Localized flow was observed, consistent with the coexistence of a power-law fluid and rigid-body rotation.
    • A transition from continuum to discrete flow was identified.
    • This transition occurs when the flow region thickness is approximately ten bubbles.
    • The transition is associated with an applied rotation rate of approximately 0.07 s-1.

    Conclusions:

    • The discrete flow regime in foams can be effectively modeled using 2D bubble rafts.
    • Foam flow transitions from continuum to discrete behavior at a specific strain rate and flow region thickness.
    • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of non-continuum mechanics in soft materials.