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Network models of phage-bacteria coevolution.

Martin Rosvall1, Ian B Dodd, Sandeep Krishna

  • 1Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, Dk 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
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This study modeled bacterial and phage coevolution, finding ecosystems collapse easily. Stable diversity requires speciation rates independent of diversity, possibly driven by ecological niche availability.

Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Bacteria and bacteriophages are globally abundant and diverse biological entities.
  • Interactions between bacteria, virulent phages, and temperate phages significantly influence microbial community structure and diversity.
  • Understanding coevolutionary dynamics is crucial for predicting microbial ecosystem stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and analyze a stochastic network model simulating the coevolution of bacteria and their phages.
  • To investigate how interactions, including host-parasite relationships and phage resistance, affect ecological diversity.
  • To identify conditions necessary for maintaining stable diversity in microbial ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • A stochastic network model was employed, representing bacterial and phage species/strains as nodes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Speciation and extinction were modeled via node duplication and removal.
  • Phage-bacteria and temperate-virulent phage interactions were represented as network links, incorporating horizontal gene transfer.

    • Main Results:

    • The modeled ecosystems exhibited highly dynamic evolution but were prone to collapse, with frequent group extinctions.
    • Stable maintenance of diversity was observed only when speciation probability was independent of existing diversity.
    • Horizontal gene transfer influenced network dynamics but did not prevent ecosystem instability.

    Conclusions:

    • Microbial ecosystem stability is sensitive to coevolutionary dynamics between bacteria and phages.
    • Independent speciation rates, potentially linked to niche availability, are critical for sustained biodiversity.
    • The model highlights the fragility of microbial communities and the complex interplay of evolutionary and ecological factors.