Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines. However, the...

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.

Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions

Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions

Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions
For gas-phase reactions, the equilibrium constant may be expressed in terms of either the molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. A relation between these two K values may be simply derived from the ideal gas equation and the definition of molarity. According to the ideal gas equation:

Calculation of First-Law Quantities II

Calculation of First-Law Quantities II

The first law of thermodynamics establishes that the change in internal energy of a system is given by ΔU = q + w, where q is the heat exchanged, and w is the work performed. For a perfect gas, both internal energy (U) and enthalpy (H) depend solely on temperature. Consequently, for any change of state, whether reversible or irreversible, the internal energy change is determined by integrating the heat capacity at constant volume, and the enthalpy change by integrating the heat capacity at...

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow

The fast decoupled power flow method addresses contingencies in power system operations, such as generator outages or transmission line failures. This method provides quick power flow solutions, essential for real-time system adjustments. Fast decoupled power flow algorithms simplify the Jacobian matrix by neglecting certain elements, leading to two sets of decoupled equations:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Effectiveness of early proactive telephone follow-up on perioperative medication adherence in patients with atrial fibrillation].

Zhonghua nei ke za zhi·2026

Same author

Night shifts and sleep among Chinese nursing students on internship.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2025

Same author

[Expression of GPRC5D in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma detected by flow cytometry and its prognostic value].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi·2025

Same author

The Multi-domain Lifestyle Intervention for Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Hangzhou (The Heritage Study): Study Design and Protocol.

The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease·2024

Same author

CT-based radiomics for prediction of pulmonary haemorrhage after percutaneous CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy of pulmonary nodules.

Clinical radiology·2023

Same author

[Prediction of 1p/19q codeletion status in diffuse lower-grade glioma using multimodal MRI radiomics].

Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Inhomogeneous backflow transformations in quantum Monte Carlo calculations.

P López Ríos¹, A Ma, N D Drummond

¹Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|February 7, 2007

Summary

Inhomogeneous backflow transformations significantly improve many-particle wave functions in quantum Monte Carlo calculations. This method enhances the retrieval of correlation energy for electrons in atoms, molecules, and solids.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Area of Science:

Quantum many-body physics
Computational chemistry
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Accurate description of electron correlation is crucial for predicting material properties.
Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods are powerful tools for simulating quantum systems.
Standard QMC wave functions often struggle to capture complex electron correlation effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and apply an inhomogeneous backflow transformation for many-particle wave functions.
To investigate the impact of backflow transformations on variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (VMC and DMC) calculations.
To assess the computational cost associated with using backflow wave functions.

Main Methods:

Development of an inhomogeneous backflow transformation for wave functions.
Application of the transformation within VMC and DMC frameworks.
Calculation of energies for electrons in atoms, molecules, and solids.

Main Results:

Inhomogeneous backflow transformations substantially increase the correlation energy retrieved in VMC and DMC.
The transformations lead to significant improvements in the quality of wave functions.
Nodal surfaces of the wave functions are notably improved by the backflow transformations.

Conclusions:

Inhomogeneous backflow transformations offer a significant advancement for QMC methods.
This approach enhances the accuracy of electronic structure calculations.
The improved wave functions and correlation energy retrieval have broad implications for atomic, molecular, and solid-state physics.